Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex (EGC) in cats

   2025-08-21  Posted in Allergy Immunology, Cases & Recs, Cat Health, Client Education, Dermatology, Treatments, Vet Notes, Veterinary Care
For Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex (EGC) in cats, the primary medications are corticosteroids (like prednisolone) and cyclosporine. Steroids are often the first line of treatment due to their effectiveness in reducing inflammation and suppressing the overactive immune response causing the lesions. Cyclosporine is an alternative immunosuppressant for cats that cannot tolerate steroids. Other options, like antibiotics (e.g., Clavamox) and antihistamines, may be used in conjunction with or instead of steroids, depending on the individual case. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

Here’s a more detailed look at the medications and their roles:

  • Corticosteroids (e.g., Prednisolone): These are the most common treatment for EGC. They reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system, helping to resolve the lesions and reduce discomfort. They can be administered orally (tablets or liquid) or through injections. [1, 2, 3]
  • Cyclosporine (e.g., Atopica): This is an immunosuppressant drug that can be used as an alternative to corticosteroids, particularly for cats that don’t tolerate steroids well. [2]
  • Antibiotics: If a bacterial infection is present, antibiotics like Clavamox may be necessary to treat the infection. [1, 6]
  • Antihistamines: In some cases, antihistamines may be used alongside other medications to help manage itching and inflammation. [1, 5]
  • Other Medications: In rare cases, other medications like chlorambucil (an alkylating agent) or gold therapy may be considered, especially for cats with EGC that is resistant to steroids. [7, 8]

Important Considerations:

  • Finding the Underlying Cause: It’s crucial to identify and address any underlying causes of EGC, such as food allergies or flea infestations, as this can help prevent future flare-ups. [2, 5]
  • Long-term Management: Many cats with EGC require long-term treatment or recurring courses of medication to keep symptoms under control. [1, 5]
  • Side Effects: Corticosteroids can have side effects, particularly with long-term use, including increased thirst and appetite, weight gain, and potential for diabetes. It’s important to monitor cats on corticosteroids for these effects and to discuss any concerns with a veterinarian. [3, 8]
  • Individualized Treatment: The best course of treatment for EGC will vary depending on the individual cat, the severity of the lesions, and any underlying causes. [2, 9, 10, 11, 12]

 

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Author: Dr. Erik Johnson
Dr. Erik Johnson is the author of several texts on companion animal and fish health. Johnson Veterinary Services has been operating in Marietta, GA since 1996. Dr Johnson graduated from the University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine in 1991. Dr Johnson has lived in Marietta Georgia since 1976.