Page 88 - Raw Diet References Book 2019

Iron

Iron Because of very poor availability, iron from a NRC Absorption and bioavailability of dietary iron in dogs and
oxide or carbonate salts that are added to the diet cats. In: Nutrient Requirements of Dogs and Cats. The National
should not be considered sources contributing to the Academic Press, Washington, DC. 2006: pp. 168-169.
minimum nutrient level. a

Selenium

Selenium (Growth) The minimum requirement for a Wedekind K., Combs Jr. G. Selenium in pet foods: Is bioavailablity
selenium in growing puppies has been determined an issue? Compend Cont Educ Pract Vet 2000; 22 (Suppl.): 17-22.
at 0.21mg per kg dry matter. a, b However, a safety b Wedekind K, Yu S, Combs GF. The selenium requirement of the
margin has to be added because the availability of puppy. J. Anim. Physiol. a. Anim. Nutr. 2004; 88: 340-347.
selenium in pet food may by low. a, b, c c Wedekind K, Beyer R, Combs Jr. G. Is selenium addition necessary
in pet foods? FASEB J. 1998; 12: Abstr. 823.

Selenium (Adult dogs) There are no data available a Wedekind K. Personal communication.
about the exact requirements for selenium of adult
dogs. However, according to experts the availability
of and requirement for selenium in dogs are similar
to those in the cat. a Therefore, the recommended
allowance for cats is used for dogs until more
information becomes available.

Zinc

Zinc (Growth) Based on a study with a purified a Booles D, Burger IH, Whyte AL, et al. Effects of two levels of zinc
diet, 5mg zinc per 100g DM is sufficient to meet the intake on growth and trace element status in Labrador puppies.
requirements for growing puppies.a Considering J Nutr 1991; 121: S79-S80.
potential factors present in practical pet foods that
could decrease zinc availability, doubling the minimum
recommended level may be considered safe.

VITAMINS

Vitamin A

Vitamin A The FEDIAF maximum is based on the a Hathcock JN. D. G. Hattan, M. Y. Jenkins, et al. Evaluation of
studies reported by Hathcock et al., Goldy et al. and vitamin A toxicity. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1990;52: 183-202.
Cline et al. in adult dogs. a, b, c The value is 80% of the b Goldy GG, Burr JR, Longardner CN et al. Effects of measured
dose that Goldy et al. identified “as may be approaching doses of vitamin A fed to healthy dogs for 26 weeks. Veterinary
a level that challenges the dog’s ability to maintain Clinical Nutrition 1996; 3 (2): 42-49
normal vitamin A homeostasis” and about 45% of the c Cline JL, Czarnecki-Maulden, Losonsky JM, et al. Effect of
no-adverse-effect intake established by Cline et al. increasing dietary vitamin A on bone density in adult dogs. J.
over one year (no detrimental effects on bone health). Anim. Sci. 1997; 75: 2980-2985.
Furthermore Hathcock et al. reported an intake at least
three times the FEDIAF nutritional maximum as safe
in adult dogs fed for ten months (body growth and
haematological indices unaffected).

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