Page 128 - Raw Diet References Book 2019

requirements of protein, minerals or vitamins are met. essential nutrients is needed when fed below the NRC
This leads to an increased risk of nutritional deficiencies standard assumption of 100kcal/kgBW /d for a 4kg
0.67
with a consequent negative impact on health and well- cat and 130 kcal/ kgBW /d for a 15kg dog respectively.
0.75
being. Hence a systematic adjustment applied to all

The target nutrient density (units/1000kcal) can be meet the minimum nutrient requirements.
calculated using the following equation in order to

Nutrient requirement per day (Units/kg metabolic BW) x 1000
Units/1000kcal =
DER (kcal/kg metabolic BW)

The metabolic BW in dogs is defined as kgBW , in cats it is set at kgBW
0.67
0.75
2.6 References

1. AAFCO. Regulation PF9. Statements of Calorie Content. In: 10. Calvez, J., Weber, M. and Ecochard, C. Metabolizable Energy
Official Publication, 2008: pp. 125-126. In Dry Dog Food Is Best Predicted By NRC 2006 Equation. In:
AAVN, New Orleans, Louisiana 2012.
2. Alexander JE, Wood LLH. Growth studies in Labrador retrievers
fed a caloric-dense diet: time-restricted versus free-choice 11. Calvez, J., Weber, M. and Ecochard, C. Metabolizable Energy
feeding. Canine practice 1987; 14 (2): 41-47. In Dry Cat Food Is Best Predicted By NRC 2006 Equation. In:
ESVCN, Bydgoszcz, Poland 2012.
3. Bermingham, E.N., Thomas, D. G., Morris, P.J and Hawthorne,
A.J. Energy requirements of adult cats. Brit. J. Nutr 2010; 103, 12. Connor, M.M.,Labato, A.,Laflamme, D.P.(2000). Variation
1083–1093. in maintenance energy requirements of pet dogs. Purina
Nutrition Forum Proceedings Supplement to Compendium
4. Bjornvad CR, Nielsen DH, Armstrong PJ, et al. Evaluation of continuing enducation for the practising veterinarian 23
of a nine-point body condition scoring system in physically (9a):84.
inactive pet cats. Am J Vet Res 2011; 72 (4): 433-437.
13. Dämmrich K. Relationship between Nutrition and Bone
5. Blanchard G, Grandjean D, Paragon BM. Calculation of a dietary Growth in Large and Giant Dogs Journal of Nutrition 1991; 121
plan for puppies. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 1998; 80: 54-59. (11S): S114-S121.

6. Blaza SE. Energy requirements of dogs in cool conditions. 14. Debraekeleer J, Gross KL, Zicker SC. Chapter 9. Normal Dogs.
Canine Practice 1982; 9 (1): 10-15. In: Small Animal Clinical Nutrition 4th edit. Hand, Thatcher,
Remillard & Roudebush MMI Topeka, KS 2000; 213-260.
7. Burger IH, Johnson JV. Dogs large and small: The allometry
of energy requirements within a single species. J. Nutr. 1991; 15. Debraekeleer J. Body Weights and Feeding Guides for Growing
121: S18-S21. Dogs and Cats - Appendix F In: Small Animal Clinical Nutrition
4th edit. Hand, Thatcher, Remillard & Roudebush MMI Topeka,
8. Burger IH. Energy needs of companion animals: Matching KS 2000; 1020-1026.
food intakes to requirements throughout the life cycle. J. Nutr.
1994; 2584S-2593S. 16. Dobenecker B, Zottmann B, Kienzle E, Wolf P, Zentek J. Milk
yield and milk composition of lactating queens. J. Anim.
9. Butterwick RF, Hawthorne AJ. Advances in dietary Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 1998, 80:173-178.
management of obesity in dogs and cats. J. Nutr. 1998; 128:
2771S-2775S.

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